Soci-Cultural Issues in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Soci-Cultural Issues in Education - Essay Example The paper describes the differences between the 16th century's education and the education that we have nowadays. Formal education has become widely accepted as the only tool for promoting growth, enriching experience and developing attitudes. Unlike education in the 16th century that embraced several aspects of informal education, the current educational process is procedural and prescribed. The current educational processes focus on several concepts that shun human values. This results in the complete confusion among the students and teachers. The systems of learning ignore the human element of education. The moral results are far from satisfactory. Consequently, several teachers and students require improvement through the provision of incentives and rewards. A need arises to enhance the teaching approaches, create new value systems and incorporate the human factor in the education sector by aiming at developing appropriate personalities. Prior to the civil war, nearly all educati onal undertakings were designed to create God-fearing attitudes among the citizens. Education was mainly dominated by religious teachings. The education system for the common citizens was aimed at creating literacy and building good character. However, the nobility had their own system that integrated nature studies, mathematics and architecture studies. The slave population was forbidden from offering literacy skills to their children. Massachusetts was the first state to accept a centralised system of public education. In 1830, efforts to introduce compulsory schooling paid out with the taxes. The mandatory schooling has realized increased population dynamics in school. This has resulted in the interaction with people of varied cultures and beliefs within the school setups. For this reason, today’s education system faces the challenge of providing adequate teachers and a holistic curriculum that will harmonize the different cultures (Johnson, Musial & Hall et al 36). Philos ophy has been widely recognised as the pioneering point for human progress. It is like the compass of life to human kind. Man has historically employed exploration and experimentation to unravel the mysteries of life and attain perfection. In an attempt of addressing all the knowledge requirements of life, various schools of learning have emerged to equip humanity with skills for coping with today’s complex society. In the previous centuries, education would be described as bi-polar but it has since developed into multi-polar. This has resulted into a myriad of problems affecting the planners of education and the learners. Today’s society is very multifaceted and the elements of matter, society, community, group or nation have become diverse and complicated (Johnson, Musial & Hall et al 38). For this reason, it has become extremely complex for philosophers to devise an education system that is capable of addressing the challenges presented by the different frontiers of life. The functions of philosophy are to determine the values which education ought to pursue. Bertrand Russell in his theory proposes that education should have an autonomous existence that is effective when it evolves some known process to meet the fundamentals requirements of the society. The function of education is not only to equip

Financial accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial accounting - Assignment Example This is regardless on the time when the cash is actually received. In a sale proceed, the revenue is recognized when the ownership of a good or a commodity has been transferred to the buyer together with the associated risks. The amount of the proceeds has to be reliably measurable in terms of revenue. Similarly, the costs associated with the transaction should also be measurable in a reliable way. Finally, there has to be a probability that the economic benefits related to the transaction will flow or will be realised by the organization. The same criteria apply for services rendered. In case of dividends, the revenue should be recognized once the right for payment has been established (IFRS, Pg. 2). In accounting, it is important to distinguish between the terms income, revenue and gains since it will facilitate accurate and clear preparation of the financial statement (Agtarap-San, Pg. 5). Income is defined as the savings opportunity that a business entity gains within a given tim e and it is measured in monetary terms (Weitzman, Pg. 2). Revenue on the other hand is the income that a business entity realises from its usual operations such as the sale of goods and services (ACCA, Para 5). Finally, gains refer to the increase in shareholder’s equity as a result of a transaction other than the daily operations. These are transactions which are non- recurring, for instance sale of a fixed asset (Weltman, Pg. 70). Case Study; Ibi Ryan Plc According To IAS 18, revenue should be recognized when earned. As such, the sale of Electrical goods on 30th March should be included in the revenue for the period ended 31st March 2013. This is because it was earned within the period despite the fact that the delivery was delayed to the following period. A total of ?50, 000 should be included in the financial statements. The revenue generated from the sale proceeds of good sold to Witney Ltd should not be included in the revenue of the period ended 31st March since Ibi Ry an retained ownership of the goods. According to IAS 18, revenue is only recognized when ownership has been transferred. In addition, the announcement that the creditor would receive 50p for every 1? owed did not guarantee future economic benefits since Whitney Ltd did not state it conclusively. It stated that it is â€Å"likely† meaning there was no guarantee and hence this should not also be recognized in the revenue of that period. The total amount of ?600, 000 owing to Ibi Ryan from Witney Ltd as at 31st March 2013 could not be recognized as revenue for the period due to the fact that ownership of goods worth that amount was not yet transferred. The cost price should also not be charged to the period’s revenue. When Ibi Ryan entered a contract with PC4U, it was certain that the amount of the contract will be realised by the company in the future upon delivery of the laptops. However, in the contract, it was agreed that Ibi Ryan would provide support services for a period up to December 31st, 2015. The support services were to cost ?240, 000 each year. It was certain that these costs were to b incurred. The costs were also reliably measured. The profits to be realised from the support services were to be 25% of ?240, 000 which is equal to ?60 000. Similarly, the company was certain to get this revenue though in the future. Therefore, the revenue that would be included in the period ended